No Accounting for Culture? Value in the New Economy

This paper explores the articulation of the value of investment in culture and the arts through a critical discourse analysis of policy documents, reports and commentary since 1997. It argues that in this period discourses around the value of culture have moved from the direct economic contributions of the culture industries to indirect economic benefits. These indirect benefits are discussed under three main headings: creativity and innovation, employability and social inclusion. These in turn are analysed in terms of three forms of capital: human, social and cultural. The paper concludes with an analysis of this discursive shift through the lens of autonomist Marxist concerns with the labour of social reproduction. It is our argument that, in contemporary policy discourses on culture and the arts, that government in the UK is increasingly concerned with the use of culture to form the social in the image of capital. As such we have to turn our attention beyond the walls of the factory in order to understand the contemporary capitalist production of value

The New 'Hidden Abode': Reflections on Value and Labour in the New Economy

This paper engages with the works of Autonomist Marxists, such as Hardt, Negri and Arvidsson, who have argued that the so-called ‘new economy’, which is characterized by a new importance of immaterial labour, knowledge and processes of consumption, gives rise to a new law of value and changed labour relations in what they call the ‘social factory’. While we see a lot of value in this emerging body of literature – particularly in terms of its potential for critiquing relatively narrow debates in critical organization and management studies – this paper critiques the highly optimistic analyses put forward by Hardt, Negri and Arvidsson, especially with regard to their claims for a new autonomy and freedom of labour emerging out of the ‘new economy’. We counter these claims by showing how in contemporary capitalism, despite the discourses of autonomy and freedom, labour is continuously subjected to control, measurement and governance

Universities should sink their resources into publishing partnerships with scholarly societies

Christopher Land writes that a hybrid partnership between the university press and scholarly society would put publishing back under academic control and would produce a more open, and impactful, form of publishing

The question of organization: A manifesto for alternatives

Although foundational texts in Critical Management Studies (CMS) pointed to the empirical significance of anarchism as an inspiration for alternative ways of organizing (Burrell, 1992), relatively little work of substance has been undertaken within CMS to explore how anarchists organize or how anarchist principles of organization might fare in other contexts. This paper addresses this gap by reporting on the experiences of a UK Voluntary Sector Organization (VSO) seeking to adopt non-hierarchical working practices inspired by anarchism. The paper analyses this process of organizational change by examining how ideas and practices are translated and transformed as they travel from one context (direct action anarchism) to another (the voluntary sector). Whilst the onset of austerity and funding cuts created the conditions of possibility for this change, it was the discursive translation of ‘anarchism’ into ‘non-hierarchical organizing’ that enabled these ideas to take hold. The concept of ‘non-hierarchical’ organization constituted an open space that was defined by negation and therefore capable of containing a multiplicity of meanings. Rather than having to explicitly embrace anarchism, members were able to find common ground on what they did not want (hierarchy) and create a discursive space for democratically determining what might replace it

The question of organization: A manifesto for alternatives

This paper is an attempt to articulate some general principles which might guide anarchist thinking about organized alternatives to market managerialism and might be read as a sort of manifesto for defining ‘the alternative’. That is to say, it describes what we include in our list of useful possibilities, and what to exclude on the grounds that it doesn’t fit with our definition of what counts as sufficiently different from the present. We suggest three principles which we believe that radicals should be guided by – autonomy, solidarity and responsibility – and that we think any reflection on the politics of organizing needs to deal with. We wish to encourage forms of organizing which respect personal autonomy, but within a framework of co-operation, and are attentive to the sorts of futures which they will produce. This is a simple statement to make but it produces some complex outcomes since gaining agreement on any of these ideas is not a simple matter

Full-Scale Hydrodynamic Evaluation of a Modified Navy J4F-2 Amphibian with a 0.425-Scale XP5M-1 Hull Bottom. TED No. NACA DE325

An investigation was made to evaluate the hydrodynamic qualities of a 0.425-scale model of the Navy XP5M-1 hull, which was installed on a modified Navy J4F-2 amphibian. Longitudinal and directional stability during take-off and landing, low-speed maneuverability, spray characteristics, and take-off performance were investigated. The behavior of the airplane in moderately rough water was also observed. The opinions of three pilots have been correlated with the data

Towards enhancing responsibility and accountability in humanitarian action: Understanding the subjective factors that influence evaluation of humanitarian actions and the implementation of the recommendations made

When specialists in the evaluation of humanitarian action meet they often complain that “evaluations tell us nothing new”. Can this complaint be justified and, if so, can any additional insights into the reasons be discovered? An analysis and comparison is made of the recommendations arising from the evaluations of the humanitarian response to two major forced displacements and two natural disasters. The comparison is used to identify the extent to which recommendations made in the evaluation of the earlier of each pair were repeated in the subsequent evaluations. An analysis of the subjective influences reported as impinging upon nine of the earliest evaluations of humanitarian actions is made. A series of 22 elite interviews with staff of humanitarian organisations and independent consultants directly involved in the evaluation of humanitarian action reveals the continuing influence of these ‘subjective’ factors and indicates of a lack of confidence in the evaluation process as a tool for institutional learning. The roles of agency and structure in the subjective influences impinging on the evaluation of humanitarian action are analysed and recommendations made for the improvement of the evaluation/learning cycle

Juvenile Finfish and Blue Crab Stock Assessment Program Bottom Trawl Survey Annual Data Summary Report Series Volume 1988

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has conducted a trawl survey of the Virginia tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay dating back to 1955. Over these forty years, methods and objectives have varied according to funding sources and state and/ or federal mandates. The present thrust of the program is to provide juvenile indices of relative abundance of recreationally, commercially, and ecologically important finfish and invertebrates. In 1988, the main area of focus was as a monitoring device of the resources of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, as well as a way to create juvenile indices of key target species. These measures of juvenile abundance are widely used as a key element in the management of the Atlantic States\u27 coastal fishery resources and serve as early indicators of future year class strength. In addition to the river trawl survey, a comprehensive Bay-wide trawl survey of Virginia waters, which was performed in the past with varying sampling methods, was reintroduced in 1988 as a random stratified sampling design. This design was based on depth and three 20° latitudinal regions (top, middle and bottom). The design was altered slightly beginning in 1989 to create four regions (top, upper, lower and bottom). The purpose of this change was to associate each tributary with a mainstem Bay segment. Results are shown as this altered method. The Bay survey accounted for over 70 percent of the annual sampling and two-thirds of the overall 1988 catch. The bay anchovy in 1988 continued to be the most abundant species caught in the river trawl survey and was most abundant overall. The second most abundant species, spot, was captured at near historic high levels in 1988 (the highest since 1984 ). H.ogchoker, weakfish and Atlantic croaker complete the top five species caught overall

Juvenile Finfish and Blue Crab Stock Assessment Program York River Random Stratified Bottom Trawl Survey Data Summary Report Volume R1989-1990

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has conducted a bottom trawl survey of some fashion since 1955. Historically, sampling has occurred as mid-channel transects at fixed locations spaced at approximately five mile intervals. In the early 1970\u27s, work was performed on the Mobjack Bay and Piankatank River using the standard 30 ft. fishing gear from a large research platform, with a 16 ft. gear towed from an outboard skiff or Chesapeake deadrise at shallow stations (:$; 12 ft.). Linda Pushee Mercer initiated the first random survey of the York River in 1971-72, as part of the results of a pipefish study. This survey, and the realization of an increasing need for a random survey of the main stem Bay and tributaries, were factors in implementing a Bay wide random survey in 1973. This program had a very large spatial coverage in various depth strata, but was very limited in its temporal component. Sampling occurred on a semi-annual basis primarily in January and February, and again in July (Wojcik, 1988a.) Based on previous results from the fixed station sampling, effort was high to provide the desired margin of error (300-700 trawls per survey). This survey was discontinued after several years because of decreased funding. Subsequently, the program returned to a fixed station transect design. These river transects continued monthly until 1988, when the Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee (CBSAC) funded a monthly random stratified survey of the main stem Bay (Chittenden, 1991) in hopes that this initiative would produce similar surveys of Virginia\u27s major tributaries, the James, York, and Rappahannock Rivers. With this in mind, a pilot survey similar in design was established and implemented for the York River (for logistic reasons), beginning in October 1989. This work was performed independent of, and with a different vessel and smaller fishing gear than the primary sampling of the Bay and tributaries. With the purchase of the solely dedicated trawler RIV Fish Hawk, this random survey of the York was later incorporated and sampled along with the historic fixed stations (June 1991)

Juvenile Finfish and Blue Crab Stock Assessment Program Bottom Trawl Survey Annual Data Summary Report Series Volume 1994

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has conducted a trawl survey dating back to 1955. Over these forty years methods and objectives have varied according to funding sources and state and/or federal mandates. The present thrust of the program is to provide juvenile indices of relative abundance for recreationally, commercially, and ecologically important finfish and invertebrates. These measures of juvenile abundance are widely used as a key element in the management of the Atlantic States\u27 coastal fishery resources. Estimates of juveniles (age-0) have proven to be a reliable and early indicator of future year-class strength. A review of previously available indices of juvenile abundance for important fishery resource species of the Chesapeake Bay by the Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee (CBSAC), a federal/ state committee sponsored and funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), resulted in the recommendation that, a unified, consistent trawl program should be one of the primary monitoring tools for finfish and crab stock assessment. (Chesapeake Bay Program Stock Assessment Plan, Chesapeake Executive Council 1988). There were several notable survey results for this year. Catch information for 1994 indicated a continuing decline in the blue crab population, although not as pronounced as in recent years. However, the 1994 spawning stock (adult females) was half that of 1993. Juvenile white perch and striped bass catches continued to increase. Summer flounder indices doubled over the disastrous 1992 and 1993 year classes. Atmosperically, winter temperatures were normal with the exception of two extremely cold periods (air temperatures less than 4° C). Summer temperatures were relatively mild compared to 1993 values. The purpose of this summary is to provide an accurate account of trawl survey sampling performed during the calendar year 1994. Previous volumes of this series have served as excellent reference guides to resource managers, scientists, academics, as well as the general public. Since there are other venues which presently detail specific results of these data (Geer et al., 1993), conclusions are kept at a minimum in order to provide the most information in the available space